Faiebairn



e e h S m e e 3 N R I A B R MAGHINE'FOR ROLLING PROJEOTILES.

Patented July 5, 1887.

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9,.. t e nu h S m e e N R I A B R I A P G MACHINE FOR ROLLING PROJEGTILES'.

Patented July 5, 1887.

- I 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. FAIRBAIR-N.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING PROJEOTILES.

Patented July-5, 1887.

(No Model.)

N PETERS. Phu|0-Lilhograplwn Washinglnn. D. C.

'flurrsn STATES meearrest" CHARLES FATRBAIRN, OF MAYBANK, CLARENDON ROAD, SALE, COUNTY OF CHESTER, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING PROJECTlLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 365,980, dated July 5, 1887.

Application filed February 23, 1887, Serial No. 228,586.

(No model.) Patented in Be gium February 17, 1887, No. 76,382, and in England February 17, 1887, No. 2,490.

T (4% whom, it may concern:

Be itknown that 1, CHARLES FAIRBAIRN, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Maybank, Clarendon Road, Sale, in the 5 county of Chester, England, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Forging by Rollers Gonoidal Projectiles and other Articles of Circular Transverse Section, (for which I have obtained'patent in Belgium, dated February 1o 17, 1887, No. 76,382, and have made application for patent in Great Britain February 17,- 1887, No. 2,499,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus consisting 1 of rollers mounted in pairs opposite to'one another, and so shaped that as they revolve 1n the same direction they forge a piece of metal introduced between them, and caused to revolve by frictional contact with them, to a eonoidal or other form having circular transverse section.

The apparatus in its simplest form is represented in front view by Figure l of the accompanylng drawings, in plan by Fig. 2, and by section by Fig. 3.

On each of two parallel shafts, A A,-caused by gearing G to revolve in the same direction and at equal angular speed, are fixed two rollers, It and F, the front one, B, of the two,

which is what maybe termed a roughing-roller, having its profile shaped approximately as a counterpart of the article to be forged, and the hinder roller, F, which may be termed a finishing-roller, having its profileshaped 5 exactly as a counterpart of the finished article. The two shaftsA A are at such a distance apart that the forging in passing through be tween the pair of finishing rollers FF receives its accurate size.

m 011 a frame, B, which is mounted on a pivot or otherwise, so that it can be moved to or from the gap between the two sets of rollers R F, there are other rollers, CD, which may be termed feedingrollers, corresponding 45 in profile with the others, It F, but of smaller diameter. This frame B, with its rollers G D,

being retracted, a round bar of metal to be forged is introduced between the peripheries of the three sets of rollers, and then by the advance of the feedingrollers O l), effected by 0 a screw, S, or by hydraulic pressure or otherwise, the bar is gradually pressed in between the rollers R F, and finally through the gap between them. The extreme end part, I, of the forging having been shaped accurately by 5 5 the hinder rollers, F F, while the part Q behind it has been roughly shaped by the front rollers, R R, the finished part I may be broken or cut off, and then the bar can be operated on again, the roughly-shaped end Q being new submitted to the finishing-rollers F F, while a fresh hinder portion of the bar is acted on by the roughing-rollers R R.

The separate feeding-rollers G D can be set more or'less obliquely to the axes of the others, as may be best suited to the shape of the forg- According to a modified arrangement shown in front view by Fig. 4 and in plan by Fig. 5, instead of two there are four parallel shafts, A A A A, each having on it a roller. Two of these, R R, diametrically opposite, are the roughing-rollers, and behind these are the two finishing-rollers F F, which have their axes in a plane perpendicular to that of the axes of the other two, R R. Two of the shafts, A A, carrying, respectively, a roughing and a finishing roller, are mounted in bearings in a stationary frame, H. The other two, A A, are mounted in bearings in a frame, B, which can be advanced toward or retracted from the stationary frame'H, to which the movable frame 13 may be hinged, as shown. The movable frame B, with its rollers, being retracted, the bar of metal to be forged is introduced between the rollers, and then the movable frame 13, with its rollers, is gradually advanced by a screw, S, or otherwise up to a fixed stop. Thus the bar becomes forged, as above described, its front part finished to the required shape and a part behind roughed. When the article to be forged is of eonoidal shape-as, for example, a projectile-in order to secure soundness, especially toward and at its point, it is of advantage to form, as shown, in the surfaces of the rollers shallow helical grooves with intermediate lands, which, being inclined to the plane of revolution, tend to press the metal of the forging forward toward its point; also, in order to relieve the roughing-rollers of a portion of their work, they are preferably made with bevel-edged projecting lips at their front ends, these lips acting as edges, which cut into the metal of the forging, grooving it deeply at the place where afterward there is to be the separation of the finished from the roughed part of the forging.

For properly adjusting the length of the roughing-rollers, so that they shall act on a length of metal suitable for the finished article, these rollers are made in two parts or lengths, R R, each part having ajprominence fitting into a hollow of the other, or several such prominences and hollows, engaging like the teeth of a clutch. By moving the front part more or less forward along its shaft and fixing it'by suitable setting-screws K, the length of each roughing-roller It R is ad justed so as to take between its front and hinder edges the length of metal required to constitute the finished forging. In front of these divided rollers are springs T,which yield as the forging becomes extended in length by reduction of its diameter. It is also of advantage to give some of the rollers a surfacespeed slightly different from that of the others, by making them a little different in diameter. This causes a rubbing action on the forged article, smoothing its surface and clearing it of scale.

I am aware that it has been proposed to forge balls, elongated projectiles'and other articles of circular transverse section by subjecting them to rolling pressure between suitablyshaped rollers revolving in one direction. I

therefore make no general claim to this method of forging the such articles; but,

Having thus described the nature of my invention and the best means that I know of carrying it out in practice, I claim- 1. An apparatus for forging conoidal pro.- jectiles and other articles of circular transverse from the roughing and finishing rollers, substantially as described.

2. An apparatus for forging articles of circular transverse section, consisting of shafts,

a finishing-roller on each shaft, a roughingroller on each shaft, composed of two sections interlocked to rotate together and one part adjustable lengthwise on its shaft to and from the other part, and a spring acting on said movable part to permit it to yield away from the other part, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the shafts A, a separate roughing-roll, R, and aseparate finishing roll, F, on each shaft,the hinged frame B, and the screw S, or its equivalent, for moving the hinged frame back and forth, substantially as ()5 andfor the purposes described.

4. The combination of the shafts A, a separate finishing-roll, F, on each shaft, a separate roughing-roll on each shaft, composed of two parts, It It, interlocked to rotate together, 70 and one part, It, adjustable to and from the other part, B, the hingedframeB, and the screw S, or its equivalent, formovingthe frameback and forth, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name 7 5 to this specification, in the presence of two sub scribing witnesses,this 3d day of February, A.

CHARLES FAIRBAIRN.

Witnesses:

OLIVER IMRAY, Patent Agent, 28 Southampton Buildings, London, TV. 0.

JNO. P. M. MILLARD, Clerk to ilfessrs. Abel, &; Imray, Consulting Engineers and Patent Agents, 28 Southampton Buildings, London, IV. 0. 

